Pump



Oct. 7., 1930.

K. G. JOHANSSON PUMP Filed Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 7, 1930.K. e. JOHANSSON 1,777,923

PUMP

Filed Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 7, 1930. K. G. JbHANssoN PUMPFiled Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Octo 7, 1930. K. G. JOHANSSON1,777,923

PUMP

Filed Feb. 1, 1928 S S heet s- Sheet 4 Oct. 7, 1930. G, oHANsgdN1,777,923

PUMP il F 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Oct. 7, 1930 l UNITED STATESPATENTOFFICE KARL comma .rormnsson, or immune, BTORVBETA, swnnmr i p yrum I i Application filed February 1, 1928, Serial in. 251,207, and mSweden octane: 9, m.

This invention relates to improvements in In the position Fig. 1 theplane surface is rotary pumps, the object of'the invention oft epistonrests a ainstthe one, andafter being to provide an improved pump of thishalf aturn, against tEe other surface 71 class whichis simple inconstruction, is strong In middle position (Fig. 4) the surface It 5 anddurable, which operates efliciently and of the piston rests only againstthe boundary is which'is not likely to get out of order. line betweenthe surfaces It. Both parallel With the above and other objects in view,surfaces of the istontighten continually the invention consists in theconstruction, against both parallel surfacesinthe groove of, Vcombination and arrangement of devices the left disc, while thecylindrical surface of 1Q hereinafter described and claimed. the pistoncontinually tightens along its In the drawing which shows a detailedexentire length against the correspondin ample with axially arrangedinlet, Fig.1 is a groove am the right disc d, the recess ee -0%longitudinal section and Fig. 2 a cross secwhich fits the flange 70Hence the piston is tion with the base of the frame uncut and rigidly.joined to the 'rig t disc but makes a 15 Fig. 3 a view ofthe right endof the pump. rocking movement in axial direction inrela 05 Figs. 41-14show details. Fig. 'shows an tion to theleft disc. example of anarrangement which makes The left side of the ri ht disc may beconipossible the using of the pump both as a liquid cal and the rightside of the left disc may be pump, vacuum pump and air compressor.plane, so that a radial tightenin line is Fig. 16 shows further a.detail. always formed between the discs, w on the e 70 In a pump casinga with a cover 6 are arare pressed together. y ranged two rotating discsd and It, the shafts 8 1s the inlet and t the outlet in Fi 2.. 0, g ofwhich are arranged at an oblique The inlet is indicated by dotted linesin angle to each other. 1. The inletleads to'a recess Win the w Theshaft act the right disc dis journalled in the casing, against which theright side 7 by means of a sleeve land ball bearings. The of the disc (1rests. I 2 shaft got the left disc it is ,journalled in the This recesscan have the form shown in cover 6 by means of a sleeve 1 and rests withFig. 2, where it makes a ring so out shaped its left end against aball,which in turn is groove conoentrical with the s aft 0, which supportedby a screw rscrewed in the cover, groove be n's at b and continues withthe so which screw makes possible'the regulating of same axia depth tob, where after it bethe pressure of the discs axially againstthe comesless deep, so that its bottom forms a tightening surface of the cover. Anut helps sloping Ian from b to b, where the groove p lock the screw inthe adjusted position. i V sto s. he groove is limited outwards in 36 Apiston In, Figs. 8-10 (in the example partra ial direction by aconcentric bow shaped 1y prismatic with one cylindrical and five flangeI). The groove bl'is continually conplane surfaces, two of which latterare pa'rnected with the inlet a, through a canal. -allel and situated ona lengthwise running From the groove 6 the fluid is sucked into ridge,and with a flange k in the form of a the compartment between the discsthrough 40 semi cylindrical ring segment inthe middle two holes [t inthe disc (1, each situated 0 of the cylindrical surface) is sunk indiameteccentrically on its side of the piston k, as

rical grooves onboth discs and tightensthere shown in. Figs. 6 and 7,against. The right disc 0! has a groove e and The discs rotate in "the"direction of the also a recess 6 for the flange 7c. Thebottom arrow(Fig. 2).. When the piston has passed 4 71. of the groovein the leftdiscconsists of the tightening line between the discs, a com-,. twoplane surfaces, which meet at the middle pertinent begins to be formed crcumferen of the disc and form oblique angles to each tially betweenthem behind theplston, WhlQh. other. The piston "is of such length as tocompartment widensduring the first half ,of tighten against the insideof the casing and the revolution, so that a vacuum results and 50 is ofsuitable diameter. fluid is sucked in through the holeh'. During theother half revolution the volume of the compartment is diminished, andthe sucked in fluid is pressed out through the outlet. Between the discsare formed two compartments separated by the piston, both of whichcompartments function in the same way, but alternately, so that onecompartment is enlar ed, while the other is made smaller, and hence thefluid is sucked in twice and driven out twice during each rotation.

As a result of the fact that the suction holes in the disc cl stretch asfar towards the centre as space allows, the speed of rotation of thepumps may be very great without danger o the fluids not having time tobe sucked in at the proper time or that the suction will be counteractedby the centrifugal force. During the last part of the revolution thehole 71.? is covered by the solid part b in the casing at the ends ofthe oove b and hence the fluid can not be drced back to the groove 6 butis forced into the outlet.

As has already been pointed out, the inlet may also be arranged at thediscs circumference, if the speed of the pump does not exceed a certainlimit. It has been seen, that by such an arrangement the effect of thepump is lessened, if this limit is passed, possibly because the suctionpower is neutralized by the centrifugal power. By placing the inletnearer the shaft this difliculty is avoided, and the speed can beincreased as much as may be desired.

A pocket open to the outlet pressure is situated in the wall 2) betweenthe inlet 8 and the outlet t and extends over the entire axial length ofthe outlet opening to contain liquid which serves as ,a sealing liquidto prevent air leaking back to the inlet when the pump is used forpumping air. A passage 1. leads from the liquid pocket to a circularrecess tr on the inside of thecover I) so that this recess is thusfilled with liquid of the same pressure as the pressure in the outlet t.As a result of this the left disc h is pressed to the left, that is tosay, against the disc d, with a certain force which contingently can bealmost as great as the resistance which the fluid makes, when it ispressed out of the outlet. By this arrangement the friction between theinside of the cover and the left disc and the fric tion in the axialjournal of the shaft 9 is lessened or eliminated.

By an axially arranged inlet one may diride into two parts the ringshaped recess,

for instance according to Fig. 16, in order to avoid bending the shaftq. Of the two compartments between the discs h and d separated by the1piston k one contains pressure fluid at t e same time as the othercontains suction fluid. As the pressure on the disc h from the fluidbetween the discs thus becomes greater in the partment than in thelatter, bending stress in the shaft 9. I

In order to prevent thls objection the recess, for instance, partmentstr and tr" by means of a straight dividing flange f of the same heightas the depth of the recess tr, whereby said flange tightens perfectlyagainst the disc h.

The flange f is then suitably placed according to Fig. 16 at somedistance from the centre of the recess tr and with sub stantially thesame incline as the border lines 6 b (Fig. 2) of the groove b.

The upper compartment tr is hence situated almost opposite the solidpart b" and the lower compartment tr" is situated almost opposite thegroove 6 As is evident the compartment between the discs, which issituated opposite the solid part Z) is connected with the pres-- sureconductor, the other with the suction conductor.

If therefore the upper compartment M" in Fig. 16 is connected with thepressure fluid in the outlet and the lower compartment tr, for instance,is connected by means of a canal s with the suction fluid in the inlet,the advantage gained is that an uneven pressure distributlon on the oneside of the disc h corresponds to a similarly uneven pressureistribution on the other side, and hence the pressure on both sides ofthe disc h wholly or partly counter balance each other, without anybending of the shaft g being caused thereby.

It is practical to let the fluid in through a hole in the left discinstead of the right one. The ring shaped recess b then has its place onthe inside of the cover to the left of the left disc. In this case thering shaped recess tr, communicating with the outlet of the liquidcontainer. has its place in the casing at the right of the right disc. 1

If the inlet and outlet are arranged circumferentially (radially) theholes h are unnecessary. It is practical to arrange recess'es,communicating with the outlet respectively the liquid container, both inthe casing to the right of the disc (1 and on the inside of .the cover,that is to say, to the left of the disc 7:, whereby both discs areautomatically pressed against each other and the friction is diminishedeven more.

In order to prevent suction of air along the shaft 0 to the groove 6 Imay provide a sleeve (Fig. 1.), provided for the shaft 0 next the discd, with a ring shaped groove 3 on the inside of the-sleeve near itsouter end. This groove y, by means of a canal w, is connectewith theoutlet t, whereby pressure fluid is brought to the groove y and causesthe necessary tightening.

The iston k may obviously be made in many dlfierent ways. Instead of theembodformer comit results 1n is divided into two comiment shown inFigs.1 to 10, I construct the or a tap attainable from outside), in such aiston however according to Figs. 11-13. way that only a part oftheamount of liquid, This embodiment differs from the other in that thepump contains, may circulate. that the cross section in the middle iscircu- When the pump acts as a liquid pump, the lar in shapewith theaddition of the ridge, taps 2 and 3 are closed, and the taps 1 and 4against the parallel side walls of which the are opened. i disc 72.tightens. In the former case the cross I If the pump 15 adapted to beused only as section in the middle was semi-circular in. a vacuum pump,the container r may always shape with the addition of said ridge. The beopen or connectedto the free air and all alteration results in that theflange 70 is disthe taps may be dispensed with, and hence 7 pensed with,whilethe piston It must be inthe pipes r and r are unnecessary and theserted radially into the groove 6 on the disc pipe 1' is directlyconnected to the compartd. By this alteration the piston does not ment'm. fall out of its groove-when the pump is dis- When the pump shown inFig. is to be 15 assembled. used as an air compressor, the compartmentFig. 14 shows a modification of the corn m. is connected to the aircontalner and the struction of the discs.- Both discs may obcompartmentm with the free air.

viously be conical and according to this mod- Having now described myinvention, what ification they have the same conical angle. I claim asnew anddeslre to secure by Leta The advantage of this is, that the onlyfricters Patent is:

tion there is between them is rolling friction. 1. A pump comprising acasing,two discs s soon as both conical angles are notsimirotatable insaid casing with the same numlar there is necessarily added a slidingfricber of rotations and arranged at an obli ue tion caused by thepressure between the discs angle to each other, a iston arranged dia- 25at the radial line of ti htening in order to metrically between the(iiscs and dividing the secure suificient tightenlng. i compartmentbetween the discs into two com- My improved pump can be used not onlypartment's separated by the iston, the vol as a liquid pump but also asan air compressor ume of such compartments, y the rotation and vacuumpump. For such use a liquid ofthe discs bein hence alternately increased30 container above the pumps suction and presand decreased or thesucking of the fluid sure opening is arranged WhlCh container is intothe one compartment from an inlet and continually filled with llquid(for instance at the same time for pressing the fluid out water or oil),which acts as tightening means of the other compartment to an outlet, aninwhen the pump acts as an air pump the liquit let for thefluid'communicating with a chamthereby being circulated through thepump. ber in the stationary partof the pump, one Fig. 15 shows anexample 0 an arrangeof the discs being provided with entrance ment,which makes it possi le to use the pump ports situated on either side ofthe piston both as a liquid pump and a vacuum pump. and adapted toconnect said chamber with 1' is the liquid container. This has a 1m thecompartmentsbetween the discs when the 40 die wall m, which divides thecontainer into latter are rotating. i 106 two compartments m and m ofwhich m .2. A pump comprising a casing, two discs" has connection withthe pumps suction openrotatable in said casing with the same nummg 8,and m with the pressure 0 n1 ng ber of rotations and arranged at anoblique Into the com artment m openst e liquid angle to each other, aiston arran ed dia e inlet pipe 1, w 1ch has an ascend n branchedmetrically between the iscs and divi ing the 110 off pipe 7', whlch actsas alr supp y ondu compartment between the discs into two comtor. Thecompartment m has an ascending partments separated by the iston, thevoloutlet' pipe for the outlet of the l 11 1 ume of such compartments, ythe rotation an outlet pipe 1" for the Mind. All four of the discs,being hence-alternately increased to P P have p Through a hole 0 anddecreased for the sucking of the fluid into m the wall m the twocompartments m and the one compartment from an inlet and at the mcommumcate W 1th each h rsame time for pressing the fluid out of the enthe pump is used as a vacuum pump, other compartment to an outlet, theinlet for for nstance as a milking machine, t p p the fluidcommunicating with a chamber in n. m 18 COIIHQCtBd Wlt-h 1t, whereby thetaps 1 the stationary part of the pump, one ofthe and 4.- areclosed andthe taps and 3 are discs being provided with entrance ports sitopened.The liquid in the contalner 18 th n uated on either side of the pistonand adapted caused, by the action of the pump, to pa to' connect saidchamber with the compartthrough the hole 0 from the compartment mentsbetween the discs, when the latter are (7.) m? to m and circulatethrough the pump in rotating, a suitable ring-shaped recess being orderto serve as -a tightening means, while arranged in the pump house onopposite side air is sucked from the milking machine of the chamber inrelation to "the rotatin through the tap 2 and cos out throu h thediscs, said recess being divided into two com tap 3. The section of t ehole 0 is EldJllStGd partments by means of a dividing flange u. (forinstance by means of an adjusting screw tightening against thecorresponding disc,

the pressure one of the last-mentioned compartments being connected withthe pressure fluid in the outlet and preferably situated opposite asolid part of the pump house, WhlCl'l part contacts with one of thediscs, the other compartment being connected with the suction fluid inthe inlet and preferably situated opposite thc'chamber communicatingwith the inlet.

3. A pump comprising a casing, two discs rotatable in said casing withthe same numher oi rotations and arranged at an oblique angle to eachother, a piston arranged diametrically between the discs and dividingthe compartment between the discs into two compartments separated by thepiston, the volume of such compartments, y the rotation of the discs,being hence alternately increased and decreased for the sucking of thefluid into the one compartment from an inlet and at the same time forpressing the fluid out of the other compartment to an outlet, the inletfor the fluid communicating with a chamber in the sha e of a ringsegment-shaped groove in the stationary part of the pump, one of thediscs being provided with entrance orts situated on either side of thepiston an adapted to connect said groove with the compartments betweenthe discs when the latter are rotating, a suitable ring-shaped recessbeing arranged in the pump house on opposite side of the ringsegment-shaped groove in relation to the rotating discs, said recessbeing divided into two compartments by means of a straight dividingflange tightenin against the corresponding disc, one of thefist-mentioned compartments being connected with fluid in the outlet andthe other with the suction fluid in the inlet, the straight dividingflange being suitably placed at the same distance from the center of theringshaped recess and with substantially the same incline as theboundary lines of the groove.

.4. A pump comprising a casing, two discs rotatable in said casing withthe same number of rotations and arranged at an oblique angle to eachother, a piston arranged diametrically between the discs and dividingthe compartment between the discs into two compartments separated by thepiston, the volume of such compartments, by the rotation of the discs,-being hence alternately increased and decreased for sucking of the fluidinto the one compartment from an inlet and at the same time pressing thefluid out of the other compartment to an outlet, a liquid container withtwo compartments communicating with each other arranged above thesuction and pressure openings of the pump, one of said compartmentsbeing connected with the suction opening and the other with the pressureopening, the former having an inlet and the other an outlet for air (orother gas), in order that the pump may be used as a compresser of air oras a vacuum pump.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

KARL GUNNAR JOHANSSON.

